Affective meanings of 1,469 Bengali concepts.

This article provides semantic differential ratings of 1,469 concepts in Bengali, a language spoken by about 250 million individuals in eastern India and Bangladesh. These data were collected from 20 male and 20 female Calcutta respondents who rated stimuli on three culturally universal affective dimensions: evaluation-potency-activity (EPA). This study employs pan-respondent component analyses as a means of examining the respondents' usage of the standard EPA scales. The pan-respondent component analyses indicate that some respondents used the rating scales in unexpected ways, recording their feelings about one component of concepts' EPA with ratings on a scale intended to measure a different dimension. When scores were based only on respondents who used the scales appropriately, several interesting patterns were found. For respondents of both genders, potency scores have a curvilinear relation with evaluation, such that very good and very bad concepts are mostly seen as very potent, whereas evaluatively neutral concepts are seen as somewhat impotent or just slightly potent. A moderate linear correlation exists between activity and evaluation, and a modest positive relation exists between potency and activity. Gender correlations are high on evaluation, .93, but much lower for potency scores, with a correlation of .55, and even lower for activity, .30. In this article we examine several explanations for why scales denoting potency and activity were reinterpreted as indicating goodness by certain respondents, and consider the matter of including data collected from respondents who used scales in this way.

Particularidades de los pensamientos intrusos y su supresión en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Particularities of intrusive thoughts and their suppression of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Introducción: poco se conoce sobre los pensamientos intrusos asociados a las diversas repercusiones psicológicas de la diabetes mellitus, y aún menos sobre los factores asociados al uso de la supresión de pensamientos como estrategia cognitiva de regulación.Objetivos: explorar la repercusión psicológica de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, la presencia de pensamientos instrusos y su supresión, en pacientes atendidos en el Centro de Atención y Educación al Diabético de la ciudad de Santa Clara; así como, describir la asociación entre pensamientos intrusos y la supresión de pensamientos con un grupo de variables sociodemográficas y psicológicas en estos pacientes.Métodos: fueron evaluados 121 pacientes que acuden a dicho centro, a los cuales se les aplicó una entrevista estructurada, un diferencial semántico y el Inventario de Supresión del Oso Blanco.Resultados: los pensamientos intrusos en pacientes con diabetes suelen ser difíciles de controlar, implican un mayor uso de la supresión de pensamientos, y su reporte se encuentra asociado al nivel de escolaridad, el sexo y al malestar emocional del paciente. Suelen reportarlos individuos que se perciben a sí mismos como tensos y emotivos. El mejor predictor de la supresión de pensamientos lo constituyó poseer una autoimagen de individuo tenso.Conclusiones: el análisis de los pensamientos intrusos y su supresión reveló particularidades asociadas a determinantes sociodemográficos —sexo y nivel de escolaridad— y psicológicos —sujetos que se perciben a sí mismos como tensos y emotivos(AU)

Introduction: little is known about intrusive thoughts associated to different psychological effects of diabetes mellitus and even less is known about the factors related to the use of thought suppression as a regulatory cognitive strategy.Objectives: to explore the psychological impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the presence of intrusive thoughts and their suppression in patients seen at the Center for Care and Education of Diabetics in Santa Clara city and to describe the linking of intrusive thoughts and suppression of thoughts with a group of sociodemographic and psychological variables in these patients.Methods: one hundred and twenty one patients attended to in this center were evaluated by means of a structured interview, a semantic differential and the White Bear suppression inventory.Results: the intrusive thoughts in patients with diabetes mellitus may be difficult to be controlled, imply a greater use of suppression of thoughts and their notification is related to schooling, gender and emotional status of the patient. They are generally notified by individuals who feel tense and emotional. The best predictor of suppression of thoughts is a self-image of tense individual.Conclusions: the analysis of intrusive thoughts and their suppression show particularities related to sociodemographic determinants in terms of sex and schooling and to psychological determinants in terms of individuals who perceive themselves as tense and emotional(AU)

Particularidades de los pensamientos intrusos y su supresión en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Particularities of intrusive thoughts and their suppression of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Introducción: Poco se conoce sobre los pensamientos intrusos asociados a las diversas repercusiones psicológicas de la diabetes mellitus, y aún menos sobre los factores asociados al uso de la supresión de pensamientos como estrategia cognitiva de regulación. Objetivos: explorar la repercusión psicológica de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, la presencia de pensamientos instrusos y su supresión, en pacientes atendidos en el Centro de Atención y Educación al Diabético de la ciudad de Santa Clara; así como, describir la asociación entre pensamientos intrusos y la supresión de pensamientos con un grupo de variables sociodemográficas y psicológicas en estos pacientes.Métodos: fueron evaluados 121 pacientes que acuden a dicho centro, a los cuales se les aplicó una entrevista estructurada, un diferencial semántico y el Inventario de Supresión del Oso Blanco. Resultados: los pensamientos intrusos en pacientes con diabetes suelen ser difíciles de controlar, implican un mayor uso de la supresión de pensamientos, y su reporte se encuentra asociado al nivel de escolaridad, el sexo y al malestar emocional del paciente. Suelen reportarlos individuos que se perciben a sí mismos como tensos y emotivos. El mejor predictor de la supresión de pensamientos lo constituyó poseer una autoimagen de individuo tenso.Conclusiones: el análisis de los pensamientos intrusos y su supresión reveló particularidades asociadas a determinantes sociodemográficos -sexo y nivel de escolaridad- y psicológicos -sujetos que se perciben a sí mismos como tensos y emotivos(AU)

Introduction: Little is known about intrusive thoughts associated to different psychological effects of diabetes mellitus and even less is known about the factors related to the use of thought suppression as a regulatory cognitive strategy.Objectives: to explore the psychological impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the presence of intrusive thoughts and their suppression in patients seen at the Center for Care and Education of Diabetics in Santa Clara city and to describe the linking of intrusive thoughts and suppression of thoughts with a group of sociodemographic and psychological variables in these patients.Methods: one hundred and twenty one patients attended to in this center were evaluated by means of a structured interview, a semantic differential and the White Bear suppression inventory. Results: the intrusive thoughts in patients with diabetes mellitus may be difficult to be controlled, imply a greater use of suppression of thoughts and their notification is related to schooling, gender and emotional status of the patient. They are generally notified by individuals who feel tense and emotional. The best predictor of suppression of thoughts is a self-image of tense individual. Conclusions: the analysis of intrusive thoughts and their suppression show particularities related to sociodemographic determinants in terms of sex and schooling and to psychological determinants in terms of individuals who perceive themselves as tense and emotional(AU)

Assessment of the refined aging semantic differential: recommendations for enhancing validity.

The Aging Semantic Differential (ASD) by Rosencranz and McNevin (1969) is the most widely used instrument in gerontological and geriatric education to assess the stereotypic attitudes young people have toward older adults. Polizzi (2003) updated the ASD with current adjectives and reduced the instrument to a single latent factor, attitude. We examine the validity of this major instrument and describe the strengths and shortcomings. The instrument was administered to 199 medical students that participated in a national pilot project, Vital Visionaries, funded by National Institute on Aging. Confirmatory factory analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) was used. Qualitative data captured stereotypic attitudes young people have toward older adults. SEM indexes suggest that a one-factor structure has poor fit. Qualitative analyses suggest medical students hold multiple dimensions of stereotypic attitudes toward older adults. We suggest that the latent factor, attitude, can be assessed with fewer observed items, thereby creating room for the additional latent factors. The resulting instrument could be just as short, but offer a more comprehensive assessment of young people's stereotypic attitudes toward older adults.

Dificultades pragmáticas en el trastorno específico del lenguaje. El papel de las tareas mentalistas / Pragmatic difficulties in children with specific language impairment. The role of mentalistic tasks

Gran número de sujetos con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL) manifiestan problemas comunicativos y de tipo pragmático. Este estudio se planteó analizar el papel de las tareas de comprensión mentalista en la distinción de un perfil TEL con problemas predominantemente pragmáticos. Para ello se comparó la ejecución en tareas mentalistas de un grupo de participantes con TEL convencional (n= 11), un grupo con TEL con mayor afectación pragmática (n= 9) y un grupo con desarrollo típico del lenguaje (n= 13) de edades comprendidas entre 4 y 7 años. Los resultados revelaron que todos los grupos fueron igualmente capaces de atribuir estados mentales cuando el contexto está estructurado. Sin embargo, los sujetos con TEL pragmático tuvieron menos éxito que el grupo TEL convencional cuando las tareas estaban orientadas de manera comunicativa y necesitaban procesar información no explícita del contexto. Nuestros datos apoyan la posibilidad de aislar un subtipo de TEL con especiales problemas pragmáticos, así como el uso de tareas mentalistas para evaluar de forma más precisa estas dificultades (AU)

Several subjects with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) show communicative and pragmatic problems. In this study, we suggested that mentalistic comprehension tasks would help us to find a deteriorated pragmatic profile among the population with SLI. To achieve this goal, a group of participants with conventional SLI (n= 11) was compared to a group of SLI with more pragmatic problems (n= 9) and their respective control group with typically developed language (n= 13), of ages between 4 and 7 years. Results revealed that all the groups were able to attribute mental states in tasks where the context was structured. However, the subjects with predominant pragmatic SLI showed poorer performance than those with conventional SLI when tasks were communicative-oriented and they needed to process non-explicit information from the context. These findings suggest that it is possible to isolate a SLI subtype with more pragmatic problems and also that we can use mentalistic tasks to assess these difficulties more accurately (AU)

El papel de la animacidad en la resolución de ambigüedades sintácticas en portugués europeo: evidencia en tareas de producción y comprensión / The role of animacy in European Portuguese relative clause attachment: evidence from production and comprehension tasks

En este trabajo se evaluó el papel de la animacidad en la desambiguación de cláusulas de relativo con doble antecedente en portugués europeo (PE). El estudio de cómo resuelve el procesador este tipo de ambigüedades ha sido objeto de gran interés en la investigación; sin embargo, en PE ésta ha sido escasa y poco consistente. Además, dado que la literatura más reciente ha destacado la relevancia de variables extrasintácticas en este proceso, se realizaron dos estudios con el objetivo de evaluar las estrategias de adjunción en PE manipulando la animacidad de los nombres del sintagma nominal complejo. En el estudio 1 se empleó una tarea de compleción de frases y en el estudio 2 una tarea de lectura autoadministrada. En ambos, los resultados revelaron una preferencia significativa por la estrategia de adjunción alta. No obstante, el tipo de estrategia fue modulado por la animacidad de los nombres, de manera que se prefirió la estrategia de adjunción baja cuando el primer nombre era inanimado y el segundo animado. Estos resultados arrojan luz sobre el uso de estas estrategias en PE y parecen apoyar la idea de que, en fases relativamente tempranas del procesamiento, el procesador atiende a información no exclusivamente sintáctica (AU)

This work presents an analysis of the role of animacy in attachment preferences of relative clauses to complex noun phrases in European Portuguese (EP). The study of how the human parser solves this kind of syntactic ambiguities has been focus of extensive research. However, what is known about EP is both limited and puzzling. Additionally, as recent studies have stressed the importance of extra-syntactic variables in this process, two experiments were carried out to assess EP attachment preferences considering four animacy conditions: Study 1 used a sentence-completion-task, and Study 2 a self-paced reading task. Both studies indicate a significant preference for high attachment in EP. Furthermore, they showed that this preference was modulated by the animacy of the host NP: if the first host was inanimate and the second one was animate, the parser’s preference changed to low attachment preference. These findings shed light on previous results regarding EP and strengthen the idea that, even in early stages of processing, the parser seems to be sensitive to extra-syntactic information (AU)

Procesamiento léxico-semántico en el síndrome de Williams / Lexico-semantic processing in Williams syndrome

Las personas con síndrome de Williams, un trastorno genético del neurodesarrollo, se caracterizan por buenas habilidades lingüísticas en comparación con otras habilidades cognitivas, enmarcadas en un cuadro de discapacidad intelectual. Poseen un buen vocabulario y utilizan con frecuencia palabras raras o de escaso uso. Eso ha llevado a algunos autores a considerar que estas personas poseen un sistema léxico-semántico peculiar y diferente del de las personas con desarrollo típico. En este estudio se pone a prueba esta hipótesis comparando la ejecución de un grupo de jóvenes con SW con otro grupo control en varias tareas léxico-semánticas, entre ellas las de fluidez semántica y fonológica. Los resultados muestran que el sistema léxico-semántico de las personas con SW no parece ser diferente al de los controles, pues los ejemplares que producen son similares a los de los sujetos control, tanto en lo que se refi ere a la frecuencia de las palabras, como a su longitud o a la tipicidad de los ejemplares de las categorías (AU)

People with Williams syndrome, a neurodevelopmental genetic syndrome, typically have good language skills as compared to other cognitive abilities, as far as intellectual disability is concerned. They have a large vocabulary and they frequently use uncommon or rarely-used words. This has led some authors to consider that they have a peculiar semantic system, different from that of people with typical development. In this study, we tested this hypothesis by comparing the performance of a group of young adults with Williams syndrome to a control group using various lexico-semantic tasks, including semantic and phonological fluency. The results indicate that the semantic system of people with Williams syndrome does not seem to differ much from those in the control group because the words they produced were similar to those of the control group with regard to word frequency, length or the typicality of the responses within the categories (AU)

Tipos de categoría semántica y modalidad de los estímulos en el aprendizaje procedimental: implicaciones sobre los modelos de memoria semántica / Types of semantic category and stimulus modality in procedural learning: implications for models of semantic memory

El presente trabajo trata de estudiar si el aprendizaje procedimental de una tarea de categorización semántica puede verse influido por el tipo de categoría al que pertenezcan los estímulos empleados (biológicos o no biológicos). Por otro lado, se pretende describir si existe un efecto de la modalidad de presentación de los estímulos en dicha tarea. Se administró una tarea de categorización semántica (4 series de 40 estímulos) a 256 participantes (128 clasificaban dibujos y 128 palabras). Las categorías biológicas se responden con más rapidez que las categorías no biológicas, aunque no existen diferencias significativas en la interacción del tipo de categoría y la modalidad de presentación de los estímulos. Los tiempos de reacción van disminuyendo progresivamente con la práctica. Sin embargo, las diferencias iniciales desaparecen cuando los sujetos han entrenado. Se discute acerca de cómo los modelos actuales dan cuenta de los hallazgos de esta investigación. Se sugiere, además, que existe una tendencia atencional en los individuos a favor de los elementos biológicos que se atenúa cuando los estímulos presumiblemente menos relevantes para la supervivencia emergen como relevantes en función de lo que se demanda en la tarea (AU)

The present work attempts to determine whether procedural learning of a semantic categorisation task is influenced by the type of semantic category of the stimuli (biological and nonbiological elements). It is also an attempt to determine the effect of the stimulus presentation modality on the categorisation task. A semantic categorisation task (4 series of 40 stimuli) was administered to 256 participants (128 classifying pictures, and 128 classifying words). Biological categories were responded to faster than non-biological ones although there were no significant differences between the interaction of the category type and the stimulus presentation modality. Reaction times progressively decreased with practice. However, the initial differences dissapeared when subjects were trained. The way that current models account for these investigation findings is discussed. In addition, it is suggested that there is an attentional bias in favor of biological elements, which disappears when presumably less relevant elements become more relevant as a function of the task characteristics (AU)

Negative semantic priming from consciously vs. unconsciously perceived single words

El presente estudio investiga si la obtención depriming semántico negativo ante una única palabra ignorada depende delnivel de conciencia de dicha palabra. En cada ensayo aparecía brevementeuna palabra previa seguida inmediatamente o tras un intervalo de demora,por una máscara de patrón. A continuación aparecía una palabra objetivoante la que los participantes debían realizar una tarea de categorizaciónsemántica o una tarea de identificación de elección forzada. Se instruyó alos sujetos a que atendieran la palabra objetivo e ignoraran la palabra previa,considerándola como un distractor. Las palabras previa y objetivopertenecían a la misma categoría semántica en la mitad de los ensayos, y adistintas categorías en los ensayos restantes. Los resultados mostraron unpatrón diferencial de efectos de priming semántico en función del tipo deenmascaramiento: Priming negativo con la máscara demorada, y facilitacióncon la máscara inmediata. Estos resultados demuestran que el tipo deenmascaramiento, que supuestamente afecta a la percepción consciente vs.no consciente de la palabra previa, constituiría una variable crítica paraobtener priming semántico negativo ante una única palabra. También sonconsistentes con la idea de que la percepción con y sin conciencia produceconsecuencias comportamentales cualitativamente diferentes, que reflejan lacontribución de procesos controlados y automáticos, respectivamente(AU)

The present research explores whether obtaining semantic negative primingfrom a single ignored word depends on whether that word is eitherconsciously or unconsciously perceived. On each trial a prime word wasbriefly displayed and followed either immediately or after a delay by apattern mask. The mask offset was followed by a probe display containing asingle target word that participants were required to either categorize oridentify. Participants were instructed to attend to the target while ignoringthe prime word. On half of trials the prime-target pairs were highlyassociated words belonging to the same semantic category, whereas on theremaining half they belonged to different semantic categories. A differentialpriming pattern as a function of the masking condition was found: Semanticnegative priming when the mask presentation was delayed, and positivepriming when the prime word was immediately masked, thus preventing itsconscious identification. These results suggest that masking type, whichsupposedly affects prime awareness, would be a critical factor to obtainnegative semantic priming from single words. They also provide evidencethat perceiving a stimulus with or without awareness can lead toqualitatively different behavioral consequences, which reflect thecontribution of controlled and automatic components, respectively(AU)

Exploration of the psychometric properties of an Inventory of Voice Experiences.

The aim of the study was to identify psychometric properties of an inventory of voice-hearing experiences (IVE) [corrected] One hundred fifteen psychiatric nurses rated the language content represented on two forms of the IVE and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) [corrected] while viewing a videotaped assessment of an experienced voice hearer. Findings revealed modest to moderate support for internal consistency and concordance of the language represented on the measures as well as moderate support for convergent validity of IVE Forms A and B and modest support for their convergence with the BPRS. Nurse ratings of the IVE [corrected] explained 14 to 15 percent [corrected] of the variation in the same nurses' ratings of the hallucinated symptom item on the BPRS measure. Other [corrected] findings from the study [corrected]augment the position that not all hallucinated voices are indicative of clinical pathology, providing an additional basis on which to further refine and test the two measures [corrected]

Nurse judgments of hallucinated voice descriptions: relevance for intervention.

The aim of the research was to explore the importance of 58 items of descriptive content represented on two parallel forms of an Inventory of Voice Experiences (IVE). A convenience sample of 317 well-educated psychiatric nurses rated descriptions of IVE item content three times over a period of six months according to how the content might relate to the selection of interventions for the management of verbal auditory hallucinations. Cronbach's alpha, Cohen's kappa, Pearson's r, and Bartko's intra-class correlation coefficients were used to measure the internal consistency of the nurses' judgments as well as the concordance of the judgments with a pre-selected standard. Findings from the study revealed modest-to-moderate support for internal consistency and overall equivalence of parallel item content represented on both forms of the IVE within and across three waves of data collection. Also revealed was a relative lack of concordance of the nurses' judgments with the pre-selected standard, and modest-but-consistent concordance of the nurses' original and subsequent judgments. Eight parallel items represented on the IVE demonstrated potential to serve as important cues for making decisions about intervention. This information shall be used to standardize the language and response categories of items tied to the IVE to permit more-definitive decisions about the management of verbal auditory hallucinations.

Editorial 317 Prog Obstet Ginecol 2002;45(8):317-8 En este número de P ROGRESOS DE O BSTETRICIA Y G INECOLOGÍA se publica el informe del Comité a d hoc constituido por miembros de la Sección de Medicina Perinatal de la Sociedad Española de Obstetricia y Ginecología ( SEGO) y de la Sociedad Española de Neonatología (SEN) / No disponible

No disponible

The Elder Image Scale: a method for indexing history and emotion in family caregiving.

Although caregiving has been studied extensively, most studies have focused on the activities performed by caregivers, problems encountered and caregivers' reactions. Less attention has been paid to measuring historical and interpersonal factors that may shape the situation and affect outcomes, but are not necessarily embedded in the role itself. The objective of this article is to report on the development and testing of the Elder Image Scale (EIS) which indexes the personal identity of the elder, the mental image the caregiver has of the elder derived from past associations, present observations, and the reconciliation of the past with present impressions. This scale was based on the Family Caregiving Dynamics Model and the personal image of the elder is predicted to be shaped by certain structural factors and to impact both the perceptions of caregivers and the outcomes of caregiving. This article reports on four separate investigations; six-hundred-and-fifty-six caregivers participated. The EIS is in the semantic differential format. Internal consistency ranged from .92 to .98 over four studies. Stability after two weeks was .93 for both subscales. All correlations with criteria were in the direction predicted and most were significant. Known group comparisons showed all group differences were statistically significant as predicted. The EIS is internally consistent, stable and evidences construct validity. In addition, measuring this concept appears to have great relevance for explaining both perceptions of caregivers and outcomes of caregiving.

Déficit atencionales en la enfermedad de Alzheimer: una aproximación desde la neurociencia cognitiva / Attentional deficits in Alzheimer's disease: a cognitive neuroscience approach

Aunque la mayoría de investigadores están de acuerdo en que el deterioro de la memoria representa uno de los primeros signos en la demencia tipo Alzheimer, investigaciones recientes han revelado que los déficit atencionales constituyen un aspecto crucial en los trastornos cognitivos relacionados con esta enfermedad. En este artículo utilizamos una aproximación neurocognitiva de la atención visual que concibe ésta como un conjunto de redes que realizan una serie de operaciones muy especificas y que estarían localizadas en diferentes áreas del cerebro. La Red Atencional Anterior se encontraría situada en diferentes zonas del lóbulo frontal y parece implicada en el funcionamiento ejecutivo. La Red Atencional Posterior se ha localizado en áreas posteriores del cortex y del cerebro medio, relacionándose con el movimiento de la atención entre diferentes localizaciones en la búsqueda de información relevante. Aunque los pacientes con la enfermedad de Alzheimer fracasan normalmente en tareas cognitivas que dependen de la atención ejecutiva, algunas de las operaciones implicadas en la orientación visual de la atención pare-cen encontrarse preservadas. Por lo tanto, esta aproximación neurocognitiva se ha revelado como un marco de referencia útil para estudiar los déficit atencionales asociados con la demencia tipo Alzheimer (AU)

Las actitudes de los estudiantes universitarios hacia sus profesores: implicaciones para la mejora de la calidad docente / Attitudes of University students to their teachers: implications for an improvement of teaching quality

La evaluación del profesorado a través de la encuesta de opinión a los estudiantes ha sido el método más comúnmente utilizado para determinar las características que definen la calidad docente. Sin embargo no existen trabajos, en la literatura previa sobre el tema, que hagan uso del Diferencial Semántico (DS) para dicho fin. El DS permite, además de la detección de los atributos del "profesor ideal", descubrir los componentes evaluativos, emocionales o afectivos ligados a dicho concepto. En el presente trabajo, se pretende descubrir la estructura factorial de la escala utilizada, lo que nos permitirá poner a prueba la hipótesis de la existencia de los factores EPA, tradicionalmente hallados en otras investigaciones con diferentes objetos de actitud. La extracción de las dimensiones más relevantes del profesor de calidad muestra perfiles similares para los distintos grupos considerados y semejantes también a las obtenidas con otros instrumentos de evaluación. Esto confirma, en gran medida, la adecuación del instrumento de evaluación utilizado al fin perseguido con esta investigación (AU)

[First applications of a new projective-semantic test. Various considerations on standardization in a sample of adolescents]. / Prime applicazioni di un nuovo test proiettivo-semantico. Alcune considerazioni sulla standardizzazione su un campione di adolescenti.

Giuseppe R. Brera's B-test was used in a group of students from upper secondary school (102 male adolescents and 86 females) in order to carry out a preliminary standardisation in centiles and to assess the pattern of the seven scales of the test: mood, anxiety, interpersonal affectivity, sociability, autonomy of ego, strength of ego and guilt in adolescents. Factorial analysis by multiple correspondence was used in the same group of adolescents, with the exception of a subgroup of 20 14-year-old students from lower secondary school. The latter was carried out to assess the efficacy of the test in identifying groups of adolescents using the standard association of positive or negative methods of presenting the 44 variables and the free replies to the questions: what do you dream about, what do you look at, what do you advise. Standardisation in centiles allowed indicative risk scores for mental health to be defined for each factor, with the exception of the anxiety factor in males which appears to be a relatively widespread phenomenon in adolescent. Fewer adolescent females suffer from problems of depression, anxiety, interpersonal affectivity and sociability, whereas adolescent males present a smaller number of problems related to the autonomy of the ego, the strength of the ego and guilt. In line with previous works, the test identified 26% of adolescent males and 23% of adolescent females suffering from various in terms of the mean scores from the different factors. For the first time to our knowledge, multiple correspondence analysis identified nine groups of adolescents distributed along two factorial axes: 1 = mood, 2 = interpersonal affectivity. Groups 1 and 2 were characterized by being contrary to the other negative methods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)